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В настоящее время риск усиления циркуляции вакцинородственных полиовирусов и связанных с ними вспышек при низком уровне охвата прививками на фоне применения оральной вакцины осложняется еще и военными действиями в стране, приводящими к разрушению инфраструктур городов и населенных пунктов, интенсивной миграции и эвакуации населения. Украины, так и в регионы, где отсутствуют активные боевые действия (Черновицкая, Закарпатская, Львовская, Волынская обл.). Именно в этих областях отмечались самые низкие уровни вакцинации против полиомиелита в 2021 году.
The most common diseases associated with hypertension include: obesity, primarily abdominal obesity (AO), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), arrhythmias and conduction disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cerebrovascular diseases , joint diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea syndrome, thyroid disease and other endocrine diseases. In this regard, the 2018 European Society of Hypertension and European Society of Cardiology guidelines emphasized the need for careful stratification of cardiovascular and overall risk of complications in order to select the most optimal antihypertensive therapy.
Treatment with corticosteroids (especially prednisolone ≥20 mg/day or equivalent) is associated with an increased risk of infection. However, it is unclear whether corticosteroid therapy is associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19 or its complications. Data on budesonide, a topical corticosteroid with low systemic bioavailability, show that these drugs are associated with significantly fewer side effects compared to systemic corticosteroids and their side effects are close to placebo. If possible, corticosteroids should be avoided and a rapid dose reduction considered, and a switch to budesonide is recommended. This must be taken into account, taking into account the risk of exacerbation of CKD. If a patient with COPD is in contact with a person with COVID-19 or develops COVID-19, it is recommended to gradually reduce the dose of corticosteroids, the use of budesonide is preferred, but taking into account the severity of COPD and the risk of exacerbation.
The occurrence and course of hypertension is closely related to the presence of its modified and unmodified risk factors: heredity, psychoemotional stress, smoking, unbalanced diet (excessive salt, saturated fat intake), excessive alcohol consumption, overweight and sedentary lifestyle.
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