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В 2021 г. в Украине уровни охвата прививками детей в возрасте до 1 года против таких инфекций, как туберкулез, корь, коклюш, дифтерия, полиомиелит, гепатит В и др. составляли от 78% до 80,1% (при необходимом уровне >90 %), что бесспорно недостаточно, чтобы признать эпидемическую ситуацию контролируемой. В частности, этот показатель относительно 3 прививок против полиомиелита в возрасте до 1 года составил 80,1%, 5 прививок в возрасте 6 лет получило только 78,4% детей. При этом уровни охвата прививками очень отличались по регионам. В 12 регионах среди детей до 1 года они были <80% и составляли от 68,5% до 73,9%, а среди детей до 18 мес. (4 прививки) – 66% до 73%. То есть практически 20-30% детей не получили по возрасту плановую вакцинацию против полиомиелита в вышеперечисленных целевых группах, подлежащих вакцинации согласно Календарю прививок.
Responding to such epidemic challenges is very difficult both organizationally and financially. The result is evaluated over time with well-organized epidemiological surveillance. According to the approved polio outbreak response plan, which arose in early October 2021, it was only possible to start the 1st round of the campaign on February 1, 2022. It was supposed to last 3 weeks and was aimed at vaccinating 140,000 children from 6 months of age with IPV. up to 6 years who missed vaccination according to the Calendar. Almost by the end of the 3rd week of the 1st round, as of February 18, 2022, only 28% of the planned number of children were vaccinated. Therefore, we decided to extend the 1st round for an additional 2 weeks, which again was not performed due to the outbreak of war. Thus, there was no actual response to polio outbreaks.
In the age group of 44-60 years, 47% of men and 66% of women rated their own health as "good" (p<0.05). A feature of the self-assessment of health of the respondents of this age group was higher levels of subjective assessment of health in women compared to men: about 2% of women subjectively assessed their own health as "excellent"; the proportion of women who rated their health as "mediocre" was two times less compared to men (32% versus 17%; p<0.05). In the group of older people (over 61 years of age), gender characteristics of the distribution of self-assessment of health by respondents were also established. Thus, half of the men surveyed rated their own health as “good”, which was three times more than women (53% versus 18%, p<0.01). In women, on the contrary, the share of those who rated their own health as “mediocre” was 17% higher. Almost every fifth woman of this age considers her own health to be “bad”, while not a single man gave such an assessment. High health scores (“excellent” and “very good”) were absent for both men and women.
The most common diseases associated with hypertension include: obesity, primarily abdominal obesity (AO), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), arrhythmias and conduction disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cerebrovascular diseases , joint diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea syndrome, thyroid disease and other endocrine diseases. In this regard, the 2018 European Society of Hypertension and European Society of Cardiology guidelines emphasized the need for careful stratification of cardiovascular and overall risk of complications in order to select the most optimal antihypertensive therapy.
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