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The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global health emergency. Treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) according to the standards includes the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), corticosteroids, cytostatics, and biological therapy. However, these treatments can weaken the immune system, which potentially puts COPD patients at increased risk of infections and infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Therefore, patients with CVD have a greater risk of developing COVID-19 and more severe clinical course, or even death, compared to the general population.
The last (seventh) category includes artificial (trophic) changes in facial tissues that occurred in patients with artificial lung ventilation and due to prolonged lying on the stomach. The classifications given were the first descriptions of skin lesions in COVID-19 and therefore different signs were given: those that were caused specifically by COVID-19, and those that arose due to various causes, in particular those associated with the treatment of the disease. Due to the fact that these lesions required different approaches in both treatment and anti-epidemic or precautionary measures, we, based on the experience of all these months of observation of patients, propose a classification of skin lesions associated with COVID-19. lay out like this
The most common diseases associated with hypertension include: obesity, primarily abdominal obesity (AO), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), arrhythmias and conduction disorders, chronic kidney disease (CKD), cerebrovascular diseases , joint diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea syndrome, thyroid disease and other endocrine diseases. In this regard, the 2018 European Society of Hypertension and European Society of Cardiology guidelines emphasized the need for careful stratification of cardiovascular and overall risk of complications in order to select the most optimal antihypertensive therapy.
The use of thiopurine (azathioprine and mercaptopurine) reduces the immune response to viruses, which is associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections. There is limited evidence that they increase the risk of respiratory infections. The risks and benefits should be considered, but most patients can continue on a stable dose. In patients in stable remission, elderly patients and in the presence of concomitant pathology, it is recommended to stop taking thiopurine. During a pandemic, it is recommended to avoid starting thiopurine or increasing the dose, which will allow patients to avoid potential side effects. If the patient is in contact with a COVID-19 person, temporary withdrawal of thiopurine for 2 weeks should be considered. If a patient tests positive for SARS-CoV-2 and/or develops COVID-19, temporary discontinuation of thiopurine may be recommended until the patient clears the infection.
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