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Considering that a similar picture took place in previous years, in Ukraine there was an accumulation of a layer susceptible to poliomyelitis among the child population. In addition, since April 2016, the oral (live) polio vaccine (OPV), which is used in Ukraine, since the 3rd vaccination, does not contain type 2 poliovirus (two-component OPV, which is now used worldwide, contains only polioviruses). ). type ov1 and 3). This also contributes to a decrease in both individual and population immunity to type 2 poliovirus. The result was an outbreak of poliomyelitis caused by vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus (a vaccine-derived virus that acquired neurovirulent properties during circulation in a low immune population.). There was no adequate response to this outbreak, namely additional vaccination rounds for children under 6 years of age to stop the circulation of the vaccine-related virus. In January 2022, a new outbreak emerged.

Primary arterial hypertension (AH) or essential hypertension (AH) remains one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. A prolonged and persistent increase in blood pressure (BP) leads to damage to target organs, contributing to the development of severe cardiovascular complications (cerebral stroke, myocardial infarction, life-threatening arrhythmias and heart failure), kidney damage (renal failure) and vision and causes high mortality and disability of the working-age population. Annually in the world hypertension is the cause of death of more than 10 million people. In Ukraine, more than 12.6 million people are registered with this disease, or more than 35% of the population. But, among people with high blood pressure (BP), only 52% of patients know about the presence of the disease, less than a third of them are treated, and no more than 15% of patients are effectively treated.

Treatment with corticosteroids (especially prednisolone ≥20 mg/day or equivalent) is associated with an increased risk of infection. However, it is unclear whether corticosteroid therapy is associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19 or its complications. Data on budesonide, a topical corticosteroid with low systemic bioavailability, show that these drugs are associated with significantly fewer side effects compared to systemic corticosteroids and their side effects are close to placebo. If possible, corticosteroids should be avoided and a rapid dose reduction considered, and a switch to budesonide is recommended. This must be taken into account, taking into account the risk of exacerbation of CKD. If a patient with COPD is in contact with a person with COVID-19 or develops COVID-19, it is recommended to gradually reduce the dose of corticosteroids, the use of budesonide is preferred, but taking into account the severity of COPD and the risk of exacerbation.

В этой связи в рекомендациях Европейского общества гипертензии и Европейского общества кардиологов 2018 подчеркивалось необходимость тщательной стратификации сердечно-сосудистого и общего риска осложнений для выбора наиболее оптимальной антигипертензивной терапии. Первым и обязательным этапом лечения АГ остается модификация стиля жизни (МСЖ), которая направлена на коррекцию вышеуказанных факторов риска, прежде всего модифицируемых.

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