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В 2021 г. в Украине уровни охвата прививками детей в возрасте до 1 года против таких инфекций, как туберкулез, корь, коклюш, дифтерия, полиомиелит, гепатит В и др. составляли от 78% до 80,1% (при необходимом уровне >90 %), что бесспорно недостаточно, чтобы признать эпидемическую ситуацию контролируемой. В частности, этот показатель относительно 3 прививок против полиомиелита в возрасте до 1 года составил 80,1%, 5 прививок в возрасте 6 лет получило только 78,4% детей. При этом уровни охвата прививками очень отличались по регионам. В 12 регионах среди детей до 1 года они были <80% и составляли от 68,5% до 73,9%, а среди детей до 18 мес. (4 прививки) – 66% до 73%. То есть практически 20-30% детей не получили по возрасту плановую вакцинацию против полиомиелита в вышеперечисленных целевых группах, подлежащих вакцинации согласно Календарю прививок.

The current COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global health emergency. Treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) according to the standards includes the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), corticosteroids, cytostatics, and biological therapy. However, these treatments can weaken the immune system, which potentially puts COPD patients at increased risk of infections and infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Therefore, patients with CVD have a greater risk of developing COVID-19 and more severe clinical course, or even death, compared to the general population.

Moreover, low vitamin D levels common in patients with CVD may increase the risk and severity of COVID-19. This is because vitamin D increases levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduces viral replication, which in turn can reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines that contribute to lung damage. Despite the lack of evidence demonstrating increased susceptibility to COVID-19, drugs used in the treatment of COPD increase the risk of respiratory tract infections to varying degrees. However, theoretically, some immunosuppressive drugs may have beneficial effects, given that the cause of death in COVID-19 is a cytokine storm leading to acute respiratory failure.

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Considering that a similar picture took place in previous years, in Ukraine there was an accumulation of a layer susceptible to poliomyelitis among the child population. In addition, since April 2016, the oral (live) polio vaccine (OPV), which is used in Ukraine, since the 3rd vaccination, does not contain type 2 poliovirus (two-component OPV, which is now used worldwide, contains only polioviruses). ). type ov1 and 3). This also contributes to a decrease in both individual and population immunity to type 2 poliovirus. The result was an outbreak of poliomyelitis caused by vaccine-derived type 2 poliovirus (a vaccine-derived virus that acquired neurovirulent properties during circulation in a low immune population.). There was no adequate response to this outbreak, namely additional vaccination rounds for children under 6 years of age to stop the circulation of the vaccine-related virus. In January 2022, a new outbreak emerged.


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